The Importance of Lyrics

Lyrics are important to look at when making a music video because they tell you the narrative to the song and can give you an idea of what the music video should be like. Lyrics consist of the artists emotions and often convey a message to show a point which is important when engaging the audience and allowing them to relate to it. The relationship between the lyrics and the visuals is an important aspect of music videos because they need to make sense and work together in order for the audience to understand the song and enjoy it. A lot of music videos often involve intertextuality within the lyrics and visuals referencing to other media texts such as films and television. Visuals can be literal and specifically relate to the lyrics for example Riptide by Vance Joy is a very literal song which involves lyrics like ' I was scared of dentists and the dark' and the music video will show a shot at the dentist and a shot of the dark.

I completed a task looking at lyrics and considering how to develop a music video that works with them. I analysed at the lyrics of Leave Right Now by Will Young because I haven't seen the music video before. I mainly looked at the storyline of the lyrics and put into perspective of what I thought the music video was about. I put my idea of how I would relate these lyrics to the visuals and what it might look like. This allowed me to practice linking my ideas to the lyrics of the music video to make sure I involve literal aspects and to make sure it makes sense. I could tell the music video would be very heavy on the narrative aspect because the lyrics involve a situation/conversation between the artist and his partner.

After I completed this task I then watched the music video which allowed me to compare my thoughts to the actual outcome. I had most of the storyline correct however the music video was quite different to how I imagined. The music video was set in one place and was only one shot throughout the whole thing which involved the artist singing at the camera like you are the person he is singing to. I really like this idea as its very different to what you would normally expect from a music video but I feel like its also quite simple and can get boring after a while as your watching the same thing for the whole song.

By doing this task I have learnt that analysing the lyrics are important for making a music video because the content involved show follow along with the lyrics so that it makes sense and makes it easy for the audience to follow the meaning of the song. This will help me when making my music video as I now know that its important to analyse the lyrics to make sure I understand what the song is about and what sort of content I need to include so that it makes sense.

Video Analysis According to Goodwins Theory

Emeli Sande - Heaven

The song 'Heaven' is based on 'religion and how to be good' - its about the world coming together and believing in something big. The artist is Emeli Sande and the single was released on the 12th of August 2011. I found out that Emeli Sande doesn't actually follow a religion but she does believe in God and Heaven. Virgin records created the music video for this song which was released on the 22nd July 2011 on YouTube. The music video is mainly directed on narrative as the shots involved and the performance link to the lyrics of the song. There are lots of shots of the artist and most of the people in the background are not actually actors and are just members of the public making the music video more realistic. The music video is very literal and fast paced, and it contains lots of lip-synching.

Narrative

A lot of the camera angles involved are low angles when it focuses is on the artist to include a lot of the sky in the background which links to the narrative of the song with looking up at heaven. The artist relates herself as just a person like anyone else quite a lot in this music video because the location is set in public places where any person could be. This shows that she is just one person in this world and the fact that there could be something bigger out there relating to heaven. Throughout the music video there are lots of references to angels which could connote towards her message in the song that everyone is an angel and that everyone deserves to go to heaven. Near the middle of the music video there is a message written on a window quoted ‘your fear is your only god’ which could imply that god doesn’t exist relating to the other side of people’s beliefs. At the end of the music video Emeli Sande is in a tunnel with another person but the narrative towards this is quite unclear making the music video quite mysterious because we don't find out who this person is.

Settings

Throughout this music video the artist is often located in the shadows and is hidden from the light in which light is referenced to god/heaven. This may be to represent that it is more powerful than her and she is hiding from it. The locations used in this music video are realistic making the music video seem more real and relatable. What I mean by this is that they are very urban and involve a lot of buildings and streets which is quite a popular sort of location that people will be in. Lots of the people in the background of this music video are just members of the public which adds to making it realistic. It makes you compare the artist to the people around her and shows that she is just a person like everyone else. The music video is quite gritty and grainy and it has been edited to appear like it’s been shot on film. By making the music video seem quite old and not perfect it makes it stand out from others because it’s not high quality and saying that she isn’t relating back to her being just a person like everyone else. I believe they have done this in post-production by adding light effects and overlays to the shots. There are a lot of blurred lights and light transitions used which connotes to heaven and stain glass windows because of the distorted and coloured lights. Near the end of the music video a person is stood with their arms out like the crucifixion and they had the light shining behind them so you couldn’t see the person. This again is a link towards heaven.

Representations

A lot of different ages and ethnicities are involved within this music video to show this song is for all people to listen to and that anyone can believe what they want to. This could also be to do with drawing in a wider audience to relate this song to everyone. The artist is represented as just an ordinary person and not as a huge pop star which could connote towards heaven being so big a powerful and that we are just people. Emeli Sande often looks up at the sky and the shots involve a lot of sky which represents the religion which is Christianity as she is looking up to heaven. She also doesn’t look at the camera in her music video and this takes away this aspect of a promotional idea of her.

Target Audience

I believe this music videos target audience is quite broad because the music video contains all different people from different ages to different ethnicities, and the song is suitable for anyone to listen to. Emeli Sandes general target audience is from teens to middle age adults which is still quite a wide range of people but I believe most people would listen to this song. If it was to a specific audience, I would say the song is aimed at people who believe in Christianity as that is the narrative behind the song. I don't think many other religions would watch the music video because it is specifically about Christianity but the actual song can be more relatable to other religions so they would more likely to listen to it.

Goodwins Theory

Goodwins theory states that each music video will contain at least 3 of his points. In this music video I have noticed there isn't actually much of his theory involved like as if specific points have actually been avoided for example, the emphasis on 'looking' theory which is about looking at the camera doesn't take place with the artist in the music video because she doesn't look at the camera at all. Points that have been used are;

- The relationship between the lyrics and visuals - The song is about heaven and there are constant shots of the sky and Emeli Sande looking up.

- Close ups - There are quite a few close ups of the artist in the clip as well as close ups on other people as well. This could relate to people being equal to the artist as she is just a person like everyone else and has no power over others.

- Technical, narrative and performance aspects - The whole music video contains narrative and performance and in terms of technical aspects, the shots are cut to the beat of the music, match the pace of it, and contain editing like time lapses, overlays and transitions. 

I believe these points were used specifically because they work well alongside the narrative which is an important aspect to this music video as well as also keeping the star image of the artist in mind.

By doing this task I have learnt more and have better understanding of Goodwin's theory as I have been able to look for his points in another music video. By analysing it I learnt more about the aspects of music videos and this research has helped me because it has given me more ideas and expanded my knowledge on what I need to consider when creating my own.

What Makes a Good Student Music Video?

I am going to do my research into other student music videos to gain understanding of what works well and what doesn’t. I should then be able to apply this research into my own music video to make sure that it hits the target audience and the effect that I am aiming for. I am looking at student music videos as they are all shot by students like myself, so it will give me a realistic guide of what I could possibly create with the limitations I have for my own music video.

Editing

I have looked at a student music video by Ben Norris. In this music video he doesn’t use lip-syncing but does cut to the beat in order to show the beat of the song through the editing of the video which I think works well. The saturation has also been increased in the music video to make the shots more vibrant. I like this because it creates a bright and colourful scene portraying feelings of happiness and enjoyment. Although many scenes have benefited from increased brightness and saturation, many of the shots do not match the same colour theme. If I were to do a music video like this I would make sure that the high saturation was applied throughout the entire duration of the video to keep consistency. A lot of the shots used in this piece involve holding the camera by hand and following someone walking so the footage is quite shaky. To make the music video better they could have stabilized the footage in post production as I find this quite distracting as a viewer and unprofessional. I looked at another student music video to 'Run the World' by Beyoncé. This song is really upbeat and I like how they edited the shots fast paced to the music making it really intriguing and keeping the visuals busy. I also like the transitions used near the beginning because I think they work really well in terms of introducing the theme of the music video for example the fuzzy TV screen transition begins the theme of war and girls taking over. I also like the flash transitions between the shots at the begging where they strobe between them because I think it really works well with the music and upbeat / fast pace. I have noticed that transitions aren't commonly used in student music videos because sometimes when it is overdone it doesn't work well. I will consider using transitions where they would work well in terms of where it fits with the music and between certain shots.

Camera

The camera operator for this music video has used lots of wide shots. I think that these shots have been used to reveal the actors body language so that the audience can see the emotion of the character. Despite these being effective, if I were to do a video like this, I would use a wide variety of shots including close-up shots. Close-up shots can be used to reveal the face and theirfor the emotion of a character. This is more engaging with the audience so I feel that this would have been a better choice for a music video. I also think that this video was stabilised professionally throughout. This would be a feature that I would like to incorporate into my video as it gives a lot more viewer pleasure as shaky footage is often distracting and not enjoyable to watch.

Mise en scene

In this music video the Mise en scene was really considered carefully. I think that the lighting in this was shown really well as it was filmed in “golden hour”. This is where the light leaves the biggest shadows and looks the most visually appealing to the audience. I think that in my music video I am going to try and include this feature by filming in the evenings as it creates a brighter and more cinematic look to the footage. This music video doesn’t follow a costume continuity throughout the production unfortunately. It is clear to see that the costume changes half way through which doesn’t look professional. In my music video I will make sure that the actors wear the same clothes even if filming takes place over several shoots on different days.

Representation

In this music video there is not much representation as there is only one character but he is however still portrayed as a stereotypical teenager. The teenage character in this film is seen walking along with headphones in and his head down. This is stereotypical of teenagers and leaves the character in the headphones in being portrayed as the stereotypical antisocial teenager. In my music video I would like to break the stereotypes of youth being portrayed in an antisocial manner and portray them as the opposite in my production.

Conclusion

To conclude, I have learned a lot from this research and it has helped me understand what I would like to do for my music video and how I would like the final project to look. Studying a student music video has also given some concept of what may be possible for my music video and how I might accomplish that with little financial backing and no professional equipment.

Music Video Audiences

Music is aimed at a variety of people particularly depending on the genre of the music and the age/generation of the artist. The most popular age group for people to watch music videos is teens and young adults in which I believe social media has an impact on this. This age group is most likely to use the internet and come across music videos as its been brought up in this generation. Middle-aged adults/older people are more likely to watch music videos on a TV channel as that's how music videos were watched before when they were growing up. Another point towards music videos being watched by this particular age group of young adults and teens is that most music videos are of the pop genre and this genre contains a lot of artists who's target audience is of this for example Justin Bieber, Ariana Grande and One Direction. Pop means popular, making this the most common music genre.

In a general perspective, music videos are aimed at anyone. They are promotional tools/devices used to promote the artist and their music so overall they can earn money. Therefore they want to attract a broad audience so music videos are often made so they can be watched and accessed by anyone. However, each artist will have a particular demographic group that they will appeal to most so they can create a fan base from. They often need to be specific to their audience because everyone has different opinions on what sort of artist and music they like, so they cater their music videos to suit their target audience. The sort of demographic group pop artists appeal to are young adults and teenagers. For example Ariana Grande is young and creates upbeat music that young girls would most likely listen too and she also acts as part of a role model to teenagers. Therefore she is targeting that specific demographic to create a fan base. However because she creates pop music, it can be easily accessed by anyone so a lot of older people will listen to her too creating a more broad audience for her.

Genre has a big impact on audiences because people will not very interested in the artist if they weren't into their style music. Pop music is most common in teens but a lot of adults and young children listen to it too because it doesn't have a very specific style. The pop genre is about standing out and being unique so the music is often all quite different to each other. However with specific genres like reggae or rock the music is all very similar so people like most of the songs or the genre as a whole. Pop music is also the most commonly played genre on radio stations which is why people can easily access it and listen to it.

Genres and their demographic groups;

Jazz/blues - males aged 45-54

Pop - females aged 14-21

Rock - males aged 20-35

Hip hop - young adults

Rap - young adults and teens

Classical/opera/orchestra - aged 41-60

Disco/house - 17 - 25 year olds

Country - 45 year olds more likely female than male

An example of a music video that is aimed at teens specifically is 'Year 3000' by Busted. The music video contains animation (cartoons), bright colours, casual clothing, video games and a teenage boy styled bedroom making it very comical and specific to a young age group. The song is upbeat and the visuals link to the lyrics. There is an intextual reference to the film 'Back to the Future' drawing in the target audience for the film as well. Its very imaginative making the music video appeal to a young audience.

An example of a music video that appeals to a much older audience is 'I'd do Anything for Love' by Meat Loaf. The artist is older and has quite an old fashioned style towards music so this would more likely appeal to an older audience. The music video has a classic 'Beauty and the Beast' theme to it but is quite dark and gothic based. The narrative is about sex, drugs and rock and roll in which wouldn't appeal to a young audience. This genre of music used to be very big when Elvis was around, making this appeal to an older audience who listen to Elvis.

 

Elderly people didn't grow up with music videos because they are not of that generation - the type of music videos that we know of weren't around when they were young so it is less common for them to watch music videos or listen to recent / modern music. However middle aged people are more likely to watch music videos as they are of the music video generation - they became big at the time they were growing up.

By doing this research it has helped me for my music video because I now have an understanding of what the most common age group (teens and young adults) to watch music videos so I can direct my music video this type of audience so it will be watched and become more successful. I can direct it at this age group by choosing a song that can relate to them, is upbeat and is sung by an artist who's target audience is also this age. I can also make sure the actors I choose are of a similar age group too to help draw in this particular audience.

Why we Re-Made a Music Video

For this task as a whole group we recreated the music video to 'Can't Stop the Feeling' by Justin Timberlake. We were put divided into smaller groups in which each was given a section of the music video to recreate. My group had the section 0.33 - 1.03. We had to consider location, characters, props and the performance involved in each shot as well as the camera angles and movements. Here are some examples of shots we needed to recreate and what we had to consider:

For this shot, we had to consider:

- Location - restaurant - we filmed in the school canteen with the actor sat at a table

- Performance - dancing and lip syncing - what move he had to do with his arms and the part of the song he sang

- Camera Angle - between a medium and close up shot of Justin with him in the centre of the frame

For this shot, we had to consider:

- Location - garden - we filmed in the garden in the school behind the library

- Performance - dancing - the dance moves she did to the music

- Camera Angle - a medium shot of her with the background and her head in the centre of the frame, the camera also moves slightly as well

Everyone in our group was involved in the music video and we had to act out the same dance moves along with lip syncing to make sure it matched with the music. We planned out what we were going to film and the locations we were going to use as we couldn't use the exact locations in the music video. Therefore we had to be creative and try to match them up as much as we could in the time we had. As well as filming ourselves dancing and singing, we also had to film a couple shots of food and props which we were creative with. These are a couple examples:

Once we completed the filming we edited the shots together with the music making sure it matched up in terms of lip syncing and dancing.

The purpose of remaking a music video was to give us a insight of how a successful music video is done and how it works in terms of filming and editing. The purpose of doing this was also to teach us about lip syncing and how to do it successfully.

Justin Timberlakes verision:

Doing this work has taught me whats involved in creating a music video in terms of content like performance and narrative as well as the filming and editing aspects. I have also learnt how to lip sync the music to the person singing which is an important aspect in music videos. For my own music video this has allowed me to practice and experience making one before I actually make my own which has helped me to develop from my ideas and skills.

Mock Digipak

A digipack is the casing for a CD which is designed to encourage an audience to buy it. They are often designed with similar visuals to the music video of the song on the CD in terms of the colour scheme, objects, image, artist etc so it creates a theme that the audience will find recognisable. It is important that the digipak makes the genre of music clear and represents the style of the music so then people know what to expect when they listen to it. Our task was to create a digipack for an imagined artist. Our chosen artist as 'Young Naz' who is a grime artist and we had to focus on making the digipak suit the genre and include the artist on it. We briefly did some research on the genre to look at what imagery was involved, costumes, colours, etc. We noticed walls of graffiti was a common trend for grime digipacks as well as a red and black colour scheme and the artist wearing dark hooded clothing. We knew we wanted to include the artist on the front cover section as this is the first part of the design the audience will see so we added a close up of his face with some buildings and splats of black to add more detail. Then I placed his name at the top red so that it stood out from the background. I kept this colour scheme throughout the other sections including dark colours with sections that were bright red. On the bottom left section we cut out another picture of him and placed him sitting in a dark, abandoned room. We then added some pictures of graffiti walls and added a song list on the back. I feel like our digipack suited our genre because we made sure it was dull and gloomy like other grime digipacks and we gave it quite a violent criminal and threatening theme. We also made sure we included a lot of properties from other grime digipacks and turned it into our own idea.

We met our main aim which was to make the genre clear in the digipack but there were many improvements we could make. For example the song list on the back is very difficult to read so the style of font, sizing and colour could be different so its clearer. However it was quite successful as we met most of our criteria for the genre for example the colours scheme, types of visuals, and the costume of the artist. By doing this task it has given me an insight of what a digipack is and what it takes to make one. I have learnt how to make it suit a genre and what sort of properties a digipack has that I need to consider including for example song list, title, bar code, disc section, etc. Like with the magazine advert, I noticed in this as well that the design is important for drawing in the target audience - it needs to be aesthetically pleasing to catch their attention. I will consider and research what my target audience finds aesthetically pleasing in terms of digipaks from the genre I choose. This task has helped me for when I make my own digipack because I now know what I need to improve on and I have some experience on creating a digipak in which will allow me to get better ideas to develop on and know how to actually make one.

Mock Magazine Advert

Its important to advertise an artist because they need to gain popularity inorder to be successful. Creating magazine adverts is a way used by artists to get noticed by people and to gain an audience. We had to focus on making the advertisement suited to the genre of music in which our chosen band was 'The Hobgoblins' who were a folk band. Our task was to create a magazine advertisement for this imagined band. We did some quick research on folk music and looked at what sort album covers people have created for this genre. We noticed a theme that consisted of old fashioned instruments, green brown and yellow colours, rural woodland locations and animals. We knew we wanted to include the band on the advert so we used a picture of a folk band playing instruments and singing and we made this picture quite big because they are the main focus for the advert. We also added an outline of a woodland animal (stag) and had a picture inside it of a woodland location to work with the folk theme we researched. We kept the colour scheme quite limited and made it very neutral and mature but also eye catching. We positioned the name of the band in the centre of the page as that is the most important part of the advert and by doing this it immediately draws your attention to the name of the band. We kept the font simple because it works best with our theme. To finish it off we added some star ratings, quotes and other relevant information you would expect to see on a magazine advert to show off the band and allow audiences to get an idea of how successful they are and make them want to listen to their music to see if they like it.

I think by looking at this magazine cover you can immediately tell its a folk band which was our main aim for this task. In terms of improvements we could add more detail to the bottom of the page as it is very empty and white compared to the top which is more detailed and colourful. This would make the magazine advert more eye catching. By doing this task I have learnt that an important aspect of making a magazine advert is that it is aesthetically pleasing to the audience they are trying to attract. It needs to be eye catching and look good in order to catch someone's attention at first so then they then read the information on it. Therefore I will look into what features of a magazine advert my target audience find more aesthetically pleasing and draws their attention more. This task has helped me for when it comes to making my own magazine advert because it has allowed me to practice the process and has given me some idea of what it consists of in terms of using software like photo shop and what information needs to be on it. It has also allowed me to improve my ideas and learn what we need to do to in order to make it perfect for my real magazine advert.

Textual Analysis in Class 2

MUSIC VIDEO TEXTUAL ANALYSIS

CHAINED TO THE RHYTHM – KATY PERRY

 

For this task, I had to analyse a music video (Chained to the Rhythm - Katy Perry) and see the amount of thought and consideration that can be put into a music video so when it comes to making my own, we will be able to develop our ideas for it and see what works well and what doesn't.

GENRE:

What is the Genre of the Video?	Pop/Disco
What is the genre of the Artist?	Pop
Is there a typical narrative?	Most people are so distracted about what’s going on in the world and are being influenced whats best, but they dont see how bad it is and dont do anything about it as they have no control
What is expected in the video?	At first you would expect Katy Perry having fun at a theme park.
What is unexpected in the video?	That everything in the video and lyrics have relevant and justifiable meaning.
Intertextual References?  (Video link to other music videos?)	‘The Jetsons’ E.g. Her outfit.

 

NARRATIVE:

What is the storyline of the video?	That everyone follows everybody else and society. We as people do the same thing over and over with no escape when we know its not the best way for living.
Is there a theme?	The common theme is her showing the audience how we are all in a bubble - trapped, and that we are noticing the problems.
Is there a recognisable structure (TODOROV – Equilibrium 5 stages)?	No, the structure is clearly random and her telling a story whilst at a theme park.
Are there recognisable characters?	Donald Trump. American Dream.
How does the video reflect the lyrics?	Everything around her, is reflecting the lyrics and shows hidden meanings of the song. E.g. ‘We are chained to the rhythm’ Everybody is walking at exactly the same time (steps) and in the same direction like robots steping the the rythum and like they are trapped with it and can't get out of it.

 

REPRESENTATION:

What issues of representation are evident?	·        Us moving like robots represents us as a society today - we are being controlled without realising and have no freedom. ·        American dream never going to be achieved. ·        Houses dropping like the house market is falling and no one is buying them as they can't afford to. ·        People getting chucked in the air – Trump kicking the Mexicans out of North America.
How have these been represented? Stereotypes?	Represented through the use of colour and over exaggerated special effects. Shown in a fun type of activity (theme park) to show how blind people are to the truth. Stereotyped gender on rollercoaster – only girls can sit on the pink heart seat and the boys to sit on the blue seat.
Look at the artist as a star – how have they been constructed?	Katy Perry has been constructed as the main character who is the strongest and the only one who can see what’s going on. The song is her way of having her say and getting her words out there to everyone so everyone else can see what she sees. She realises that society will be ruined if people don’t wake up and do something about it.
Do they have an anonymous role in the  video or are they there as celebrity?	She is the main character but seen as just a normal person in society except from the fact that she has notcied whats happening and no one else has as if everyones been brain washed to believing the government except her.

 

VISUAL CODES:

Where is the video set? Connotations of this setting?	Video is set in a theme park surrounded by a white fence and grass. This could connote that they are stuck in this bubble (the theme park), and once your in your rapped (they run in happy thinking their lives are going great - influentual propaganda), however when your outside of it you’re free and can follow your own rules.
Dominant colour used in the video? Why? What is the effect?	The dominant colour is pink. This colour could represent the brain as if it is being brainwashed. Also pink is a bright colour which can be used to distract people of what is really going on. This could also be stereotypical for gender and act as a part of feminisum.
Written Iconographics? Typography? Why?	‘Oblivia’ is the name of the theme park – seen as destruction and connotes of things falling apart.
Shot Compositions that stand out?	Long shots of everyone doing the same action. This is so we can really see how everyone follows society and hasn't noticed the issues.

 

TECHNICAL CODES:

Camera Angles? Interesting ones? What effect is created?	Close up of the flower pricking Katy Perry – Important for foreshadowing the rest of the story - connoting the hidden bad side to the narrative / the build up to the ending which is bad - Everything looks lovely and peaceful from the outside, but beneath it all it’s not what you expect or want it to be.
Does the way the camera moves help to tell the story?	The camera is following Katy Perry in the same way that everyone is following each other as she wants us to follow her and her opinion.
What is editing like? Type of cuts etc?	The editing is fairly slow paced, slowly building up the bad things that are happening around them so no one notices - the cuts are quite smooth and unnoticeable as if no one is noticing the realism in society.

AUDIENCE:

Who is the target audience for the video?     How does the video target this specific audience?

This music video can be watched by young and old people because the narrative and performance make it enjoyable to watch for everyone. To be more specific, the music video has quite a broad audience because its aimed at adults in termsof the story behind it whcih is about politics, and its also aimed at a younger audience because of the bright colour scheme and fairground theme which is a common place young people enjoy going to.      It draws in an older audience because the detail and hidden meanings inside the video connote real life situations that are happening. This can relate to politics for example scene 5 were the pumps are supplying ‘inferno water’ which could be a reference to the West’s dependency on oil, but also to the undeniable crisis of the decrease in the world’s water supply. More of the older people are interested in politics and will understand the hidden meanings she is implying, therefore people would see her as more of a role model and tell people to watch the video to understand what she is trying to put across. Yet she still tries to involve aesthetically pleaseing visuals for younger audiences like the fair ground so she is still accessing that broad audience.

Demographic?

E and D.

 

INSTITUTION:

What role does the record company play in the music video?

The record company is not featured or mentioned at all in the music video, this is to put across Katy’s personal essage to her viewers not the record company to make a change in the world. It then wouldn’t be appropriate talk about advertising and marketing the record company as the video regards very serious matters that are happening in the world right now. Therefore she sees the narrative as the most important aspect and doesn't include any more to destract the audience from it. The record company have a lot of input in the music video however its Katy's idea and her words so only she gets the featuring.

What is the brand image of the star that is sold? How is the star marketed and promoted?

Katy Perry is not marketed or promoted in this video in any way, but she is presenting her message to her viewers and using the power she has by speaking through a song. She is saying to make a change in our life as we are living in a metaphorical bubble. This is seen when she sees the Rose on the bush, then it pricks her and makes her bleed foreshadowin the narrative and connoting that people are blind to the problems in society today until it effects them - its peaceful until something that you dont expect hurts you.

This research has helped me understand how music videos can portray such a big message whilst keeping it so well hidden and has made me realise how much thought and consideration can be put into one. There are so many references to society and politics in this music video that you can barely notice. Personally the first time I watched it I had no idea about all these meanings until I started my research. I quite like how shes made the music video open to as broad of an audience as possible which I would like to try for my own so that more people enjoy it. I will consider this idea of using hidden meanings in my own music video because I think it makes it more intrgiuing and interesting for the audience so they can discover and find out what they are and it gives the music video more of a purpose rather than just a promotional tool for a song.